The Dilemma of Border Governance: Perspectives from the China-Myanmar Border

Author: LI Pei

Page: 319-376

Abstract

​ Borders serve as spatial symbols of modern nation-state sovereignty and foundational elements for constructing national identity. However, among the world's borders, the China-Myanmar border is particularly unique. While China and Myanmar resolved their border disputes early on, the border regions—especially on the Myanmar side—have long been plagued by conflict, high crime rates, and social instability. Recently, violent internal conflicts have erupted between the Myanmar military government and ethnic armed groups. In response, China, located on the opposite side of the border, has implemented continuous measures to strengthen border management in an effort to maintain security and order.

By addressing the historical demarcation of the border, the issue of ethnic armed forces, and the challenges arising within China's border governance system, this study adopts a border-centric perspective to examine the implications of this dilemma for the current and future dynamics of China-Myanmar relations.